The Allahabad High Court has issued notices to the Hindustan Times group for publishing the photos that show female models wearing the swimwear.
Images of the goddess, Laxmi, were displayed on the garments.
The fashion show attracted worldwide media attention and was held in the Australian city of Sydney last week.
Pictures of the controversial swimwear were published in many newspapers, leading to protests in towns and cities across India.
Protesters belonging to radical Hindu groups such as the Vishwa Hindu Parishad, Shiv Sena and Bajrang Dal took to the streets of Delhi on Monday, shouting slogans against the Australian government and swimwear designer Lisa Blue.
Protester Jai Bhagwan Goyal told the Reuters news agency that those who organised the Australian event should be arrested.
"The sentiments of billions of Hindus have been hurt and this issue will not get resolved by presenting an apology. We feel this is a deliberate act to get cheap publicity."
